Conference on Groups and Lie algebras

-in honor of Professor Takeo Yokonuma on the occasion of his retirement-


Abstracts

* T. Tanisaki (Osaka city U.)
On the Realization of Orbit Closures as Support Varieties

Let $G$ be a reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characterstic $p>0$ with ${\mathfrak g}=\mathrm{Lie}(G)$. I will talk about my result with D. Nakano concerning the following problem. Given a nilpotent orbit ${\mathcal O}$ in the restricted nullcone ${\mathcal N}_{1}({\mathfrak g})$, construct a finite-dimensional (tilting) $G$-module such that the support variety of $M$, ${\mathcal V}_{\mathfrak g}(M)$, is the closure of ${\mathcal O}$.

* T. Nakashima (Sophia U.)
Affine Geometric Crystals and Tropical R

(with M.Kashiwara and M.Okado)
Theory of geometric crystals, which is introduced by A.Berenstein and D.Kazhdan, is a geometrical analogue of Kashiwara's crystal theory. First, we review the theory of geometric crystals and unipotent crystals in Kac-Moody setting. We also introduce the notion of tropicalizations(Trop)/ultra-discretizations(UD).
Next, we construct some geometric crystals associated with affine Kac-Moody algebras. And we see that they are tropicalizations of certain perfect crystals.
Finally, tropical R for the affine geometric crystals are given explicitly.

* M. Kaneda (Osaka city U.)
Localization of $\bar D$-modules

The localization theorem of D-modules by Beilinson and Bernstein has found fundamental application in the representation theory. We will discuss a relation of tilting sheaves on a smooth projective variety and the localization of D-modules in positive characteristic. This is a joint work with Hashimoto Yoshitake and Dmitriy Rumynin.

* A. Munemasa (Tohoku U.)
Spherical designs and extremal lattices

It is known that, in every extremal even unimodular lattice, the set of vectors of a given norm forms a spherical design of certain strength. This means that, for example, the root system of type $E_8$ can be used to approximate the integrals of continuous functions defined on the sphere of radius $\sqrt{2}$ quite accurately, in the sense that it is exact up to polynomial approximation of degree less than or equal to 7. In this talk, we give, under some conditions, the converse of this statement holds. That is, certain spherical designs necessarily come from an extremal even unimodular lattice. The examples include, in addtion to the root system $E_8$, the set of shortest vectors of the Leech lattice. The results for these two examples were obtained by Bannai and Sloane in 1981. Our approach is much simpler, and applicable to dimensions up to 72. This is joint work with Boris Venkov.

* E. Bannai (Kyushu U.)
Spherical designs (a survey)

In this talk, I plan to give a survey on the work related to the theory of spherical designs. An emphasis will be on the current status of the overall theory of spherical designs, rather than the explanation of a single result. I will discuss some (but perhaps not all) of the following topics.
(1) Concept of spherical design and examples.
(2) Classification problems of tight spherical designs.
(3) Connection with the kissing number problems and sphere packing problems.
(4) Spherical designs which are orbits of finite groups.
(5) Spherical designs attached to Euclidean lattices, in particular to Type II extremal lattices. (Venkov's theorem and connection to modular forms.)
(6) Generalizations of the concept of spherical designs.
(6-1) to various projective spaces (rank one symmetric spaces) and Grassmannian spaces.
(6-2) to Euclidean spaces (Euclidean designs and Gaussian designs. )
(7) Connection with the theory of orthogonal polynomials of several variables.

* Charles W. Curtis (U. Oregon)
The Hecke Algebras of Iwahori and Yokonuma: a Survey

In 1964 N. Iwahori published a paper containing a presentation with generators and relations of the Hecke algebra $H(G,B)$ of a finite Chevalley group $G$ with respect to a Borel subgroup $B$. The Hecke algebra is isomorphic to the centralizer algebra of the permutation representation of $G$ on the cosets of $B$ over the field of complex numbers. The presentation obtained by Iwahori showed that the Hecke algebra can be viewed as a deformation of the group algebra of the Weyl group $W$ of $G$, and led to connections between the representation theory of $W$ and the representation theory of $G$. These connections have proved to be important in later work on the representation theory of $G$, and are surveyed in the talk.

Another Hecke algebra, isomorphic to the centralizer algebra ${\cal H}$ of a Gelfand-Graev representation of a finite Chevalley group $G$, was investigated by T. Yokonuma in a paper published in 1967. Yokonuma proved that the Hecke algebra was commutative, so that the Gelfand-Graev representation associated with it is multiplicity free. The talk will include further discussion of Yokonuma's theorem on the commutativity of ${\cal H}$ along with remarks on subsequent work on the computation of the irreducible representations of the Hecke algebra ${\cal H}$ and their connection with the virtual representations $R_{T,\theta}$ of Deligne and Lusztig.

* J. Morita (U. Tsukuba)
Extended affine Lie algebras and groups

We discuss a new setting of extended affine Lie algebras, and the so-called Kac-conjecture. We also create and study the associated groups in case of nullity 2.

* Robert V. Moody (U. Alberta)
Diffraction and dynamical systems in aperiodically ordered structures

Diffraction has been a main stay in crystallography for nearly a century. It has also played a key role in the theory of quasicrystals. The discovery of these "non-periodic crystals" has generated a lot of new ideas as mathematicians and physicists have tried to getter a deeper understanding of the phenemon of long-range aperiodic order.

One of fruitul ideas coming out of statistical mechanics and ergodic theory has been the use of dynamical systems and their spectral theory. Here rather than a single disordered structure, one groups together a whole family of them, which can be related either by time evolution of the system, or as we will see it, by the translational symmetries of space.

In this talk we will discuss aperiodic order in the context of diffraction, and dynamical systems and show the intimate relationship that connects them. We will also introduce some ideas that go beyond the case of just translational (Abelian) symmetries to the non-Abelian world, and indicate some results of Prof. Takeo Yokonuma in this wider context.

* T. Yokonuma (Sophia U.)
Discrete sets and associated dynamical systems in a non-commutative setting

We define a uniform structure on the set of discrete sets of a locally compact topological space on which a locally compact topological group acts continuously. Then we investigate the completeness of these uniform spaces.

* Y. Gomi (Sophia U.)
The Markov traces and the Fourier transforms

Let $\mathcal H$ be an Iwahori-Hecke algebra and $W$ the corresponding Coxeter group. If $\mathcal H$ is of type $A$, $B$ or $D$, then we have the Markov trace $\tau_z$ on $\mathcal H$. When we specialize $z$ to $0$, the $\tau_z$ specializes to $\tau_0$, the canonical symmetrizing trace on $\mathcal H$. Since the weights of $\tau_0$ are written by using the generic degrees of $\mathcal H$, we can consider the weights of $\tau_z$ as analogue of the generic degrees. We know that the generic degrees are obtained from the fake degrees of $W$ by applying the so-called Fourier transform which is constructed by Lusztig. The fake degree of $W$ obtained from the Molien series of $S(V)$, the symmetric algebra of $V$ where $V$ is the vector space which affords the reflection representation of $W$. As analogue of the fake degrees, we consider the Molien series of $S(V) \otimes L(V)$ where $L(V)$ is the exterior algebra of $V$. Then we determine a trace function $\tau$ on $\mathcal H$ whose weights are given by applying the Fourier transform to the above Molien series. When $\mathcal H$ is of type $A$, the $\tau$ coincides with the Markov trace and when $\mathcal H$ is of type $B$ or $D$, the $\tau$ coincides with some specialized Markov trace. For any finite type, the $\tau$ satisfies some certain properties which allow us to call it the Markov trace on $\mathcal H$.

* T. Shoji (Nagoya U.)
Symmetric space associated to finite special linear groups

(Joint work with K. Sorlin)
Let $G$ be a connected reductive group defined over a finite field $F_q$ with Frobenius map $F$. The $G^{F^2}$-module $X_G = G^{F^2}/G^F$ is regarded as an analogue of the symmetric space in the real case, and is called a finite symmetric space assocaited to $G$. For each irreducible character $\roh$ of $G^{F^2}$, we denote by $m(\roh)$ the multiplicity of $\roh$ in $X_G$. In the case where $G = GL_n$ with standard Frobenius map, Gow showed that $X_G$ is multiplicity free, and determined $m(\rho)$ for all irreducible characters $\rho$. Kawanaka determined $m(\rho)$ for almost all $\rho$ in the case where $G$ is reductive with connected center, and is simple modulo center, by using an interesting connection between finite symmetric spaces and Delinge-Lusztig's virtual characters. Then Lusztig gave a general formula for $m(\rho)$ under the same setting, by pushing forward the connection with Delinge-Lusztig theory.

In this talk, we take up the case where $G^{F} = SL_n(F_q)$, which is the first example that the center of $G$ is disconnected. We determine $m(\rho)$ for all irreducible characters, up to some minor ambiguity. In particular, we can show that $m(\rho) \in \{ 0,1,2\}$. We also discuss the relationship between finite symmetric spaces and the theory of Shintani descent.